Xavfli havolalar
Havola nima?
Havola (link) - bu internet sahifasiga o’tish uchun ishlatiladigan manzil. Havolalar xavfsiz yoki xavfli bo’lishi mumkin.
Xavfsiz va xavfli havolalar
Xavfsiz havolalar:
- ✅
https://www.google.com - ✅
https://www.facebook.com - ✅
https://www.youtube.com
Xavfli havolalar:
- ❌
http://google.com(HTTPS yo’q) - ❌
https://g00gle.com(noto’g’ri yozilgan) - ❌
https://google.com.fake.com(soxta domen)
Havola tekshirish qoidalari
flowchart TD
A[Havolani ko'rish] --> B{HTTPS bor mi?}
B -->|Ha| C[Yaxshi belgi]
B -->|Yo'q| D[Xavfli!]
A --> E{Domen nomi to'g'rimi?}
E -->|Ha| F[Yaxshi belgi]
E -->|Yo'q| G[Xavfli!]
A --> H{Spelling to'g'rimi?}
H -->|Ha| I[Yaxshi belgi]
H -->|Yo'q| J[Xavfli!]
C --> K[Xavfsiz]
F --> K
I --> K
D --> L[Xavfli]
G --> L
J --> L
HTTPS va HTTP farqi
HTTPS (Xavfsiz):
- 🔒 Shifrlangan - ma’lumotlar himoyalangan
- ✅ Ishonchli - tashkilot to’g’ri
- 🛡️ Xavfsiz - ma’lumotlar o’g’irlanmaydi
HTTP (Xavfli):
- 🔓 Shifrlanmagan - ma’lumotlar ochiq
- ❌ Ishonchsiz - firibgar bo’lishi mumkin
- ⚠️ Xavfli - ma’lumotlar o’g’irlanishi mumkin
Xavfli havola belgilari
1. HTTP havolalar
- ❌
http://bank.com(HTTPS emas) - ❌
http://secure-site.com(xavfsiz emas)
2. Noto’g’ri yozilgan domenlar
- ❌
g00gle.com(google emas) - ❌
facebo0k.com(facebook emas) - ❌
y0utube.com(youtube emas)
3. Soxta domenlar
- ❌
google.com.fake.com - ❌
facebook.com.secure.net - ❌
bank.com.verify.org
4. Uzun va murakkab havolalar
- ❌
https://very-long-complicated-url-with-many-words.com/secure/verify/account - ❌
https://random-characters-12345.com/check
Xavfsiz havola belgilari
1. HTTPS protokoli
- ✅
https://www.google.com - ✅
https://www.facebook.com - ✅
https://www.youtube.com
2. Taniqli domen nomlari
- ✅
google.com - ✅
facebook.com - ✅
youtube.com - ✅
amazon.com
3. Qisqa va tushunarli havolalar
- ✅
https://www.google.com - ✅
https://www.facebook.com - ✅
https://www.youtube.com
Havola tekshirish usullari
1. Protokolnı tekshiring
- ✅
https://- xavfsiz - ❌
http://- xavfli
2. Domen nomini tekshiring
- ✅
google.com- to’g’ri - ❌
g00gle.com- noto’g’ri
3. Spelling ni tekshiring
- ✅
facebook.com- to’g’ri - ❌
facebo0k.com- noto’g’ri
4. Havola uzunligini tekshiring
- ✅ Qisqa va tushunarli
- ❌ Uzun va murakkab
Xavfli havola misollari
Misol 1: HTTP havola
http://secure-bank.com Xavfli belgi: HTTP protokoli (HTTPS emas)
Misol 2: Noto’g’ri yozilgan
https://g00gle.com Xavfli belgi: “google” noto’g’ri yozilgan
Misol 3: Soxta domen
https://google.com.secure.net Xavfli belgi: Soxta domen qo’shilgan
Misol 4: Uzun havola
https://very-long-complicated-url-with-many-words.com/secure/verify/account/login Xavfli belgi: Juda uzun va murakkab
Xavfsizlik tekshiruvi
flowchart TD
A[Havola keldi] --> B{HTTPS bor mi?}
B -->|Ha| C[Domen to'g'rimi?]
B -->|Yo'q| D[Xavfli! O'chiring]
C -->|Ha| E[Spelling to'g'rimi?]
C -->|Yo'q| F[Xavfli! O'chiring]
E -->|Ha| G[Xavfsiz havola]
E -->|Yo'q| H[Xavfli! O'chiring]
G --> I[Bosing]
D --> J[O'chiring]
F --> J
H --> J
Xotira uchun qisqacha:
🔗 Havola - internet sahifasiga o’tish yo’li
🔒 HTTPS - xavfsiz protokol
🔓 HTTP - xavfli protokol
✅ Taniqli domen - google.com, facebook.com
❌ Soxta domen - google.com.fake.com
⚠️ Noto’g’ri yozilgan - g00gle.com
🚫 Noma’lum havolalar - bosmang!
Natija
Xavfli havolalarni tanib olish muhim. HTTPS ni tekshiring, domen nomini to’g’ri yozilganini ko’ring va noma’lum havolalarni bosmang. Bu sizni xavfli saytlardan himoya qiladi!